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Business Casual: The Definitive Guide for Women To Be Stylish At Work

Sandrine Charles wears an all-black outfit for new york fashion week. As a publicist, my look is usually all black

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Last updated: 2nd August 2021 11:34 am
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Syria: Civilians face familiar threats in rebel-held areas

Armed groups have committed abuses in rebel-held Idlib and Turkish-controlled areas, rights groups say.

by Anchal Vohra

Beirut, Lebanon - The last rebel-held enclave was meant to be a safe zone for three million displaced Syrians who fled government-controlled areas fearing arrest, torture or both.

But similar crimes are happening in Idlib province - although to a lesser extent than they have been committed in government-controlled territory - as well as in areas west of the Euphrates.

Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham, also known as HTS, the former al-Qaeda affiliate which dominates Idlib and parts of west Aleppo, and some of the other rebel groups backed by Turkey in north Aleppo, have been accused by human rights groups of looting, extortion and torture.

An agreement between Russia, Turkey and Iran last September succeeded in shielding the province in northwestern Syria from an attack by the Syrian government, which would have likely been catastrophic. But the deal has not been sufficient to protect residents from a failing economy and the lawlessness in the enclave.
Displaced Syrian children arrive at a refugee camp in Atimah village, Idlib, in September [File: Khalil Ashawi/ Reuters]
The daily lives of many civilians continue to be paralysed by collective fear that they may be picked up and tortured if they are unable to pay a ransom. In some cases, rebel gangs have seized men to punish them for preferring a rival faction, while in others, the kidnappers have been motivated by money.

Arrests, torture by armed groups

On September 4 last year, Mohammad Nour Hemedi, a retired judge, was shoved in a silver van by five masked men outside his farmhouse near Idlib city. "They extracted my toe-nails," he said. "I had never even heard about such torture." Recounting his 21-day ordeal, the judge said that he was given a bottle of water and fed a loaf of bread a day. Sometimes, when the captors felt charitable, he was given an apple. He was forced to defecate in an open plastic container which stayed in his underground solitary cell for days on end. They demanded a ransom of $300,000 but settled for $50,000, a hefty sum even for a judge's family to put together. Hemedi said that at least two of his friends, wealthier Syrians, were also abducted and released after paying a ransom of $120,000 each. He did not say who abducted him, but said he was picked up in an area under the control of Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham. Abdulghani Ramzi al Aryan, a local journalist, was kidnapped and thrown in a hen-house for 24 hours on January 1 this year in Salaqin in Idlib. "They hit me with their hands and feet and with the butt of their guns," he said. Aryan also said he did not know who kidnapped him but said that once before, in 2017, he was taken in by fighters from Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham for reporting on infighting with another group, Faylaq al-Sham. Those abducted rarely reveal the names of the abductors, often because they fear retribution. However, Human Rights Watch released a report in January and found Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham responsible for the kidnapping of at least eleven people, and the torture of six people.
Fighters from Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham are seen outside the villages of al-Foua and Kefraya in July [File: Khalil Ashawi/ Reuters]
The Syrian Network for Human Rights claimed that Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham has arrested 184 people in the last three months. Lama Fakih, deputy Middle East director at HRW, said: "We have seen HTS use some of the same tactics as the Syrian government, such as illegal detentions and torture." She said that HRW defines Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham as an "extremist" group because of its affiliation with al-Qaeda in the past and because it is labelled as a terrorist organisation by the United States and Turkey. Arun Lund, a Fellow with the Century Foundation, said that despite Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham officially cutting ties with al-Qaeda and forming a Salvation Government, its administrations wing responsible for the provision of basic amenities like water and electricity in Idlib, the group is still seen as "extremist" because it is hard to pin down their exact relationship with al-Qaeda. "They will be on terrorism lists as long as the United States, Russia, and other nations perceive them as al-Qaeda linked, or just as intolerably extreme and dangerous. And that perception obviously exists now," Lund said. Since the Sochi agreement, Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham has strengthened itself in Idlib and expanded to the countryside in Hama and Aleppo in recent days. The agreement is mute on Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham's presence in wider Idlib and Turkey is not bound to contain the group. However, the understanding is that Turkey is responsible for reining in the group and having its members either join the conglomeration of almost a dozen rebel groups - the National Liberation Front (NLF) formed in May last year - or give up its weapons and leave the area. Neither outcome has been achieved.
A Syrian opposition fighter stands at a checkpoint in Idlib city in October [Ugur Can/ DHA via AP Photo]
Fakih said that Turkey has lines of communications with Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham and that it should use its leverage over the group regarding their treatment of civilian population. Joshua Landis, director of the Center for Middle East Studies at the University of Oklahoma, said that Turkey's influence over Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham has waned. "Turkey is supposed to control Idlib, but it does not. HTS has defied Turkish requests all along," he said. He added that the fear that the Syrian government might still invade Idlib is possibly causing the group to opt for desperate measures. "At any moment Syria could decide to invade forcing the HTS fighters to flee," he said. "No doubt, many are looking to feather their nests or stash away money to ensure they can smuggle themselves out of Syria to some safer place."

Lack of protection

Syrian Activists have been targeted by a range of groups over their real and suspected allegiances in Idlib and in areas west of the Euphrates, which are under the control of the Turkey-backed NLF. In June, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), gave a detailed account of human rights abuses in areas under Turkish control such as Afrin, al-Bab and Jarablus. In a report, it said: "There are high levels of violent crime, with civilians falling victim to robberies, harassment, abductions, and murder."
READ MORE

Russia, Turkey agree to 'take decisive measures' in Syria's Idlib

It quotes a case of 10 civilians being shot in the head in al-Bab because of inter-group rivalry. The report described the situation as volatile, adding that the de facto authorities in the region were unable to act to ensure public order. Elizabeth Tsurkov, research fellow at the Israel-based Forum for Regional Thinking, said that Turkey seemed unwilling to contain the problem in areas under the control of groups it backs. "As an occupying force, Turkey has an obligation to protect the lives and property of Syrians living under its control," she said. "Especially since the factions carrying out much of the abuse are financed and trained by Turkey." Media activist Bilal Srewel was kidnapped in Afrin in November and tortured by a Free Syrian Army group called the Sultan Murad Brigade, which is almost entirely funded by Turkey. "The first criminal is Assad," he told Al Jazeera. "But all revolutionaries understood that by 2014, the so-called FSA had ended and had been replaced by militias. It's a disgrace." When news of Srewel's abduction and torture spread on social media, Turkish authorities came to his rescue. He said he is now based in Turkey.
Fighters from the NLF gather on the front line with Syrian government forces in October [Omar Haj Kadour/AFP]
Another young man, who chose to stay anonymous, says he was kept in confinement for a month by the al- Hamzat Battalion, a part of the NLF, in Afrin. Some of the violence is caused by criminal gangs divorced from the political factions. The enclave that comprises Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham-held Idlib and the NLF-controlled northern Aleppo is squeezed between government forces and the sealed-off Turkish border. The lack of free movement and the arrival of more than two million Syrians has debilitated the local economy, one reason for the descent into lawlessness. Goods transported through government areas or Turkey became more expensive, with added costs such as increased fees at the checkpoints. International organisations have cut aid in the education and health sectors because of the fear that the money may end up in the hands of Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham. Salaried personnel including those working for the western aid sector run a particular risk of being targeted. Syria Relief, a charity backed by British doctors, offers medical help to the people in Idlib by training and paying the salaries of doctors on the ground. Hamish de Bretton-Gordon, a former British army colonel and an adviser to the group, said that in the last eight weeks, at least two of its doctors have been abducted. "The captors demanded a ransom of $50,000 for one of them," he said. "It could not be paid and we believe he has been killed." With nowhere to flee to, the civilians in the rebel enclave are forced to live under the control of whoever holds the weapons.
SOURCE: AL JAZEERA NEWS
Syria: Civilians face familiar threats in rebel-held areas

Armed groups have committed abuses in rebel-held Idlib and Turkish-controlled areas, rights groups say.

by Anchal Vohra

Beirut, Lebanon - The last rebel-held enclave was meant to be a safe zone for three million displaced Syrians who fled government-controlled areas fearing arrest, torture or both.

But similar crimes are happening in Idlib province - although to a lesser extent than they have been committed in government-controlled territory - as well as in areas west of the Euphrates.

Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham, also known as HTS, the former al-Qaeda affiliate which dominates Idlib and parts of west Aleppo, and some of the other rebel groups backed by Turkey in north Aleppo, have been accused by human rights groups of looting, extortion and torture.

An agreement between Russia, Turkey and Iran last September succeeded in shielding the province in northwestern Syria from an attack by the Syrian government, which would have likely been catastrophic. But the deal has not been sufficient to protect residents from a failing economy and the lawlessness in the enclave.
Displaced Syrian children arrive at a refugee camp in Atimah village, Idlib, in September [File: Khalil Ashawi/ Reuters]
The daily lives of many civilians continue to be paralysed by collective fear that they may be picked up and tortured if they are unable to pay a ransom. In some cases, rebel gangs have seized men to punish them for preferring a rival faction, while in others, the kidnappers have been motivated by money.

Arrests, torture by armed groups

On September 4 last year, Mohammad Nour Hemedi, a retired judge, was shoved in a silver van by five masked men outside his farmhouse near Idlib city. "They extracted my toe-nails," he said. "I had never even heard about such torture." Recounting his 21-day ordeal, the judge said that he was given a bottle of water and fed a loaf of bread a day. Sometimes, when the captors felt charitable, he was given an apple. He was forced to defecate in an open plastic container which stayed in his underground solitary cell for days on end. They demanded a ransom of $300,000 but settled for $50,000, a hefty sum even for a judge's family to put together. Hemedi said that at least two of his friends, wealthier Syrians, were also abducted and released after paying a ransom of $120,000 each. He did not say who abducted him, but said he was picked up in an area under the control of Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham. Abdulghani Ramzi al Aryan, a local journalist, was kidnapped and thrown in a hen-house for 24 hours on January 1 this year in Salaqin in Idlib. "They hit me with their hands and feet and with the butt of their guns," he said. Aryan also said he did not know who kidnapped him but said that once before, in 2017, he was taken in by fighters from Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham for reporting on infighting with another group, Faylaq al-Sham. Those abducted rarely reveal the names of the abductors, often because they fear retribution. However, Human Rights Watch released a report in January and found Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham responsible for the kidnapping of at least eleven people, and the torture of six people.
Fighters from Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham are seen outside the villages of al-Foua and Kefraya in July [File: Khalil Ashawi/ Reuters]
The Syrian Network for Human Rights claimed that Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham has arrested 184 people in the last three months. Lama Fakih, deputy Middle East director at HRW, said: "We have seen HTS use some of the same tactics as the Syrian government, such as illegal detentions and torture." She said that HRW defines Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham as an "extremist" group because of its affiliation with al-Qaeda in the past and because it is labelled as a terrorist organisation by the United States and Turkey. Arun Lund, a Fellow with the Century Foundation, said that despite Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham officially cutting ties with al-Qaeda and forming a Salvation Government, its administrations wing responsible for the provision of basic amenities like water and electricity in Idlib, the group is still seen as "extremist" because it is hard to pin down their exact relationship with al-Qaeda. "They will be on terrorism lists as long as the United States, Russia, and other nations perceive them as al-Qaeda linked, or just as intolerably extreme and dangerous. And that perception obviously exists now," Lund said. Since the Sochi agreement, Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham has strengthened itself in Idlib and expanded to the countryside in Hama and Aleppo in recent days. The agreement is mute on Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham's presence in wider Idlib and Turkey is not bound to contain the group. However, the understanding is that Turkey is responsible for reining in the group and having its members either join the conglomeration of almost a dozen rebel groups - the National Liberation Front (NLF) formed in May last year - or give up its weapons and leave the area. Neither outcome has been achieved.
A Syrian opposition fighter stands at a checkpoint in Idlib city in October [Ugur Can/ DHA via AP Photo]
Fakih said that Turkey has lines of communications with Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham and that it should use its leverage over the group regarding their treatment of civilian population. Joshua Landis, director of the Center for Middle East Studies at the University of Oklahoma, said that Turkey's influence over Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham has waned. "Turkey is supposed to control Idlib, but it does not. HTS has defied Turkish requests all along," he said. He added that the fear that the Syrian government might still invade Idlib is possibly causing the group to opt for desperate measures. "At any moment Syria could decide to invade forcing the HTS fighters to flee," he said. "No doubt, many are looking to feather their nests or stash away money to ensure they can smuggle themselves out of Syria to some safer place."

Lack of protection

Syrian Activists have been targeted by a range of groups over their real and suspected allegiances in Idlib and in areas west of the Euphrates, which are under the control of the Turkey-backed NLF. In June, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), gave a detailed account of human rights abuses in areas under Turkish control such as Afrin, al-Bab and Jarablus. In a report, it said: "There are high levels of violent crime, with civilians falling victim to robberies, harassment, abductions, and murder."
READ MORE

Russia, Turkey agree to 'take decisive measures' in Syria's Idlib

It quotes a case of 10 civilians being shot in the head in al-Bab because of inter-group rivalry. The report described the situation as volatile, adding that the de facto authorities in the region were unable to act to ensure public order. Elizabeth Tsurkov, research fellow at the Israel-based Forum for Regional Thinking, said that Turkey seemed unwilling to contain the problem in areas under the control of groups it backs. "As an occupying force, Turkey has an obligation to protect the lives and property of Syrians living under its control," she said. "Especially since the factions carrying out much of the abuse are financed and trained by Turkey." Media activist Bilal Srewel was kidnapped in Afrin in November and tortured by a Free Syrian Army group called the Sultan Murad Brigade, which is almost entirely funded by Turkey. "The first criminal is Assad," he told Al Jazeera. "But all revolutionaries understood that by 2014, the so-called FSA had ended and had been replaced by militias. It's a disgrace." When news of Srewel's abduction and torture spread on social media, Turkish authorities came to his rescue. He said he is now based in Turkey.
Fighters from the NLF gather on the front line with Syrian government forces in October [Omar Haj Kadour/AFP]
Another young man, who chose to stay anonymous, says he was kept in confinement for a month by the al- Hamzat Battalion, a part of the NLF, in Afrin. Some of the violence is caused by criminal gangs divorced from the political factions. The enclave that comprises Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham-held Idlib and the NLF-controlled northern Aleppo is squeezed between government forces and the sealed-off Turkish border. The lack of free movement and the arrival of more than two million Syrians has debilitated the local economy, one reason for the descent into lawlessness. Goods transported through government areas or Turkey became more expensive, with added costs such as increased fees at the checkpoints. International organisations have cut aid in the education and health sectors because of the fear that the money may end up in the hands of Hay'et Tahrir al-Sham. Salaried personnel including those working for the western aid sector run a particular risk of being targeted. Syria Relief, a charity backed by British doctors, offers medical help to the people in Idlib by training and paying the salaries of doctors on the ground. Hamish de Bretton-Gordon, a former British army colonel and an adviser to the group, said that in the last eight weeks, at least two of its doctors have been abducted. "The captors demanded a ransom of $50,000 for one of them," he said. "It could not be paid and we believe he has been killed." With nowhere to flee to, the civilians in the rebel enclave are forced to live under the control of whoever holds the weapons.
SOURCE: AL JAZEERA NEWS
g4
Turkey-backed rebels continue to abuse civilians in Syria’s Afrin
Turkey-backed Free Syrian Army (FSA) militants raided an old couple's house and tortured them in northwestern Syrian enclave of Afrin which has been under control of the jihadist factions since March 2018, Iraqi Kurdish news network Rudaw reported . Ömer Arus, an 85-year-old Kurdish man, told Rudaw television that FSA members assaulted him and his 86-year-old wife. The jihadist group members bound and beat them, and looted their belongings, the old man said. “As soon as they broke in, they attacked us and laid us down, tying up our hands and legs,” he said in footage seen by Rudaw. “They took all the money we had amounting to $450 as well as 25,000 Syrian pounds.” Turkish forces and its ally FSA groups occupied pre-dominantly Kurdish Afrin in mid-March 2018 after intense fighting with the Kurdish People’s Protection Units (YPG) which had controlled the city since 2012. Thousands of Kurds forced to leave their homes and have not been able to return. A January report by Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, a Britain-based monitoring group, said Turkish-backed rebels rule the city despite all violations and forced mass displacement after "41 weeks in a row", "287 days of violations", and displacement of more than 350,000 inhabitants. Reporting extensively on the human rights abuses in Afrin, Human Rights Watch documented that Syrian armed groups are looting and destroying civilian property in Afrin and surrounding villages, exacerbating the plight of civilians.
Source: Ahval News
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Good web design has visual weight, is optimized for various devices, and has content that is prioritized for the medium. The most important elements of a web page should have more visual weight to “naturally attract” a visitor’s attention.

Contents
A good website should be easy to navigateCreating visual rhythms in your layoutsDiving into UX and UI designBreaking down the barriers

Good design is making something intelligible and memorable. Great design is making something memorable and meaningful.

Dieter Rams

Most users search for something interesting (or useful) and clickable; as soon as some promising candidates are found, users click. If the new page doesn’t meet users’ expectations, the back button is clicked and the search process is continued.

A good website should be easy to navigate

Not all websites are made equal. Some websites are simple, logical, and easy to use. Others are a messy hodgepodge of pages and links.

How are innovations in robotics changing the way we perceive the world?

Without website navigation, your visitors can’t figure out how to find your blog, your email signup page, your product listings, pricing, contact information, or help docs.

More Read

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Quick and easy access to the content they’re after is more important for your website users than a… visually-stunning design.

Creating visual rhythms in your layouts

In design, rhythm is created by simply repeating elements in predictable patterns. This repetition is a natural thing that occurs everywhere in our world. As people, we are driven everyday by predictable, timed events.

Why does Bluetooth use lossy rather than lossless compression

One of the best ways to use repetition and rhythm in web design is in the site’s navigation menu. A consistent, easy-to-follow pattern—in color, layout, etc. Gives users an intuitive roadmap to everything you want to share on your site.

  • Direct the Eye With Leading Lines
  • Balance Out Your Elements
  • Use Elements That Complement Each Other
  • Be clear about your “focal points” and where you place them

Diving into UX and UI design

UX and UI: Two terms that are often used interchangeably, but actually mean very different things. So what exactly is the difference?

Styles come and go. Good design is a language, not a style.

Massimo Vignelli

UX design refers to the term “user experience design”, while UI stands for “user interface design”. Both elements are crucial to a product and work closely together. But despite their relationship, the roles themselves are quite different.

Breaking down the barriers

Design is not the end-all solution to all of the worlds problems — but with the right thinking and application, it can definitely be a good beginning to start tackling them.

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